Контрольная работа по "Английскому языку"

 

Задание 1. Прочтите и переведите текст. Спишите и письменно переведите вторую половину текста со слов: 2. A marketing mix.

Marketing

1. Generalities.

One of the areas of management is marketing. Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives.

Marketing makes products available where customers want them by transferring the ownership of products to buyers. The entire business organization is involved in a dual process of satisfying customer needs and achieving organizational goals.

Implementation of marketing concept begins and ends with marketing information about customers — first to determine what customers need, and later to evaluate how well the firm is meeting those needs.

   A market consists of people with their needs, the ability to buy,  and the desire and ability to sell. Markets are classified as consumer and industrial markets.

2. A marketing mix.

   A business firm controls four important elements of marketing which are called a marketing mix.

A firm's marketing mix is the combination of the product, the price of the product, the means for its distribution, and the promotion of the product to reach a firm's target market.

A firm can vary its marketing mix by changing any one or more of these ingredients. Thus a firm may use one marketing mix to reach one target market and a second, somewhat different marketing mix, to reach another target market. For example, most automakers produce several different types of vehicles and aim them at different market segments based on age and income.

1) The product ingredient of the marketing mix includes decisions about the product's design, brand name, packaging, warranties, and the like.

2) The pricing ingredient includes both base prices and discounts of various kinds. Pricing decisions are intended to achieve particular goals, such as to maximize profit or even to make room for new models. The rebates offered by automobile manufacturers are a pricing strategy developed to boost low auto sales.

3) The distribution ingredient involves not only transportation and storage but also the selection of intermediaries.

4) The promotion ingredient focuses on providing information to target markets. The major forms of promotion include advertising and publicity.

The "ingredients" of the marketing mix are controllable elements. A firm can vary each of them to suit its organizational goals, marketing goals, and target markets.

 

Фирмы контролируют четыре важных элемента торговли которые называются маркетинговой стратегией.  Маркетинговая  стратегия фирмы – это комбинация продукта, цены, распределения, продвижения продукта для достижения целей фирмы на рынке. Фирма может изменять свою стратегию изменяя один или более частей комбинации. Те фирмы могут использовать одну маркетинговую стратегию для завоевывания одних рынков и иные маркетинговые стратегии для других. Например, большинство автопроизводителей разрабатывают различные типы машин и предлагают их на различные сегменты рынка соответственно возрасту и доходу потребителей.

1. Продукт – первая составляющая маркетинговой стратегии характеризуется дизайном, брендом, упаковкой, гарантийностью и предпочтениями.
2. Ценовая политика – вторая составляющая содержит в себе и базовую цену и различного рода скидки. Ценовая политика помогает достигать частных целей, таких как максимизация прибыли или разработка новых моделей. Предложение скидки автомобилепроизводителями помогает повышать низкие продажи автомобилей.
3. Распределение включает не только транспортировку и хранение но также поиск посредников.
4. Продвижение – фокусируется на доставке информации на целевой рынок. Главные формы продвижения – это реклама.

 

Составляющие маркетинговой  стратегии – контролируемые элементы. Фирма может менять каждую из них в зависимости от целей фирмы и целей фирмы.

Задание 2. Напишите перевод следующих терминов из текста на русский язык.

1. PRICE (noun) – 1. The quantity of one thing that is exchanged or demanded in barter or sale for another thing. 2. The amount of money given or set as consideration for the sale of a specified thing.  Цена – 1. Количество одной вещи, которую требуют при бартере или продаже за другую вещь. 2. Сумма денег, которую дают при решении приобрести обусловленной вещи.

2. PROMOTION (noun) – 1. The act or fact of being raised in position  or rank. 2. The act of furthering the growth or development of something. Продвижение – совершение подъема в соответствующих позициях.

3. DISTRIBUTION (noun) – the marketing or merchandising of commodities. Распределение – предметов торговли или товарного продукта.

4. MARKET (noun) – 1. A meeting together of people for the purpose of trade by private purchase and sale. 2. The cource of commercial activity by which the exchange of commodities is affected. Рынок – 1. место собрания людей с целью продажи или покупки товаров. 2. курс коммерческой активности, с воздействием на процесс товарного обмена .

5. PUBLICITY (noun) – an act or device designed to attract  public interest. Гласность – поступок или план по привлечению публичного интереса.

 

Задание 3. Напишите английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений из текста.

Процесс планирования - planning  ; продвижение и распространение - promotion ; товары и услуги – commodities, goods ; индивидуальные и организационные цели – personal and organization targets ; наличный - cash ; потребитель - consumer ; двойной процесс – double process ; потребительский рынок – consumer’s market ; ценовая стратегия – price stragedy ; рекламирование - promoting; посредник -mediator.

 

Задание 4. Заполните пропуски необходимыми словами и  выраже-ниями из текста:

1. Markets are classified as consumer and industrial markets.
2. A firm's marketing mix is the combination of the product, its price, distribution, and promotion.
3. The distribution ingredient involves not only transportation and storage but also the selection of intermediaries.
4. The ingredients of the marketing mix are controllable elements.
5. A market segment is a group of consumers or produers within a market that have similar characteristics and needs.

 

 

Задание 5. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы по тексту.

1. What does implementation of marketing concept begin and end with?
2. What does a market consist of?
3. For what purpose may a firm vary its marketing mix?
4. What does a product element include?
5. What means (средство) is used to boost low sales?

 

Задание 6. Перепишите слова из текста и подчеркните в каждом из них  ударный слог.

Model: target, purpose, include.

Marketing, products, available, transferring, ownership, entire, business, organization, satisfying, implementation, concept, information, about, determine, evaluate, consists, ability, industrial, combination, promotion.

 

Задание 7. Одно слово в каждой группе (строке) имеет отличающееся от других произношение ударного гласного звука. Выпишите эти слова.

Model:    him     swim      life      ticket.   life

(так как: [him]   [swim]   [laif]   [tikit])

1. can   may   have   that may

2. will   win   file   guilty file

3. party   charge   fare   large fare

4. for   four   flour   brought flour

5. both  wrong   most   toast. both

 

Задание 8. Определите, к какой части речи относятся слова из текста, переведите слова на русский язык, укажите словообразовательный суффикс или префикс.

Management –управление (ment – суффикс), conception – концепция (tion – суффикс), organizational – организационные (al – суффикс), objectives, customers – покупатели (ers – суффикс), ownership – собственность (ship – суффикс), available – полезный (ible-суффикс), buyer - покупатель, information – информация (tion – суффкс), evaluate – оценивать (ate – суффикс), industrial – индустриальный (ial- суффикс)  , marketing – торговля (ing –суффикс), different – разный( rent-суффикс), decisions – решения (ions –суффикс), warranty – гарантия (ty – суффикс) , intermediaries – посредник (aries – суффикс) , controllable – контролируемый (able – суффикс) .

 

Задание 9. Перепишите текст, вставляя необходимые по значению слова из предлагаемого перечня.

cash; business; assets; to cover; large;

capital; service; expenses; depend;

 

In setting up a business , the first thing to do is to estimate how much capital will be needed immediately. What fixed assets will be needed? What current assets?

There is then the question of how long it will be before the product, or service, becomes established and cover starts flowing in. This will mean estimating carefully the cash for this initial period, and how much working capital will be needed expenses them.

The amount needed will depends entirely upon the type of business, how large it is going to be, and how long will  it be before the business will begin to “pay its way”.

 

Задание 10. Переведите предложения на русский язык и выпишите герундий.

1. I know about his having returned from Moscow. Я знаю , что он уже возвращается из Москвы. Having retuned.

2. They started working two days ago. Они начали работать два дня назад. Started working

3. His coming so late seemed strange to everybody. Его поздний приход показался всем очень странным. coming

4. We regret his not being sent to the conference. Мы очень жалеем , что его не послали на конференцию. Not being

5. I object to your discussing this problem now. Я против обсуждения этой проблемы сейчас. discussing

 

Задание 11. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление причастия I (Present Participle) и причастия II (Past Participle). Выпишите причастия.

1. Demonstrating his finds the archaeologist usually gives a detailed description of the excavation site. При демонстрации своих находок археологи обычно дают подробное описание места раскопки.
2. Being demonstrated at the Institute the new finds produced an

    impression. Продемонстрированные в институте новые находки произвели впечатление.

3. Deprived of the leaders, the English became disorganized. Заброшенные лидерами англичане слали неорганизованными.

4. This letter, having been addressed to the wrong house, never reached my friend. Письмо было оправлено на неверный адрес никогда не дойдет до моего друга.

5. Being brought to his lodging, the surgeons examined his wound but there was no hope; that very evening he died.

 

Задание 12. Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя конструкцию “Сложное дополнение” (Complex Object) и подчеркните данную конструкцию.

1. Она хотела, чтобы мы позвонили ей. She wants us call her
2. Следователь думал, что  подозреваемый был дома. Investigator thought suspects is being at place.
3. Я видел, как он прятал что-то. I saw his hiding something.
4. Мы слышали, как в саду пели птицы. We heard the birds singing at the garden.
5. Она заставила мальчика принять лекарство. She makes the boy taking the drug.

 

Задание 13. Перепишите предложения с конструкцией  “сложное дополнение” (Complex Object) , вставляя необходимые по значению глаголы из предлагаемого перечня.

                cry , cycle,  happen, open, run, tell, crawl

 

1. We listened to the old man telling his story from beginning to end
2. Listen! Can you hear a baby crying ?
3. I looked out of the window and saw Tom cycling on his byke along the road.
4. Why did you turn round suddenly? - I heard somebody telling my name.
5. We watched the two man running across the garden, opening a window and crawling through it into the house.

 

Задание 14. Прочтите ситуацию и напишите  предложения со  словами в  скобках в прошедшем совершенном времени (Past Perfect).

Model: You went to your friend’s house but he wasn’t there.

              (he / go / out) He had gone out.

1. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn’t the same as before. (it / change / a lot). It  changed a lot.
2. I invited Jane to the party but she didn’t come. (she / arrange / to do something else). She had arrange to do something else.
3. You went to the cinema last night. You arrived at the cinema late.

(the film / already / begin). The film already have begun.

4. I was glad to see Tim again after such a long time. (I / not / see /  him for five years). I have not seen him for five years.
5. I offered Sue something to eat but she wasn’t hungry. (she / just / have breakfast). She just had breakfast.

 

Задание 15. Перепишите предложения, раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол-сказуемое в будущем совершенном времени (Future Perfect).

1. They will have taken their last exam by the first of July.

2.  I hope you will have gone to bed by eleven.

3. She has been listening to the poem many times before she understands all the words.
4. We hope the telegram had come before they start for the South.
5. By 2100 computers will have took over many of the jobs that people do

    today.

 

Задание 16. Преобразуйте предложения из настоящего в прошедшее время, соблюдая правила согласования времен и делая необходимые изменения.

1. All of us know that she studied French at school.

2. She says that she will take her English exam in June next year.

3. We don't know where she lived five years ago.

4. He asks us if we know his address.

5. He always tells me that his father was a teacher last year.

 

Задание 17. Преобразуйте предложения с общими вопросами из прямой речи в косвенную, делая необходимые изменения.

    1. The investigator asked me: "Do уоu speak French?". The investigator asked me if I spoken French.

1. Henry asked Joe "Did your team win or lose the game?". Henry asked Joe if his team has been win or lost the game.
2. The teacher asked the schoolboy: “Are you listening to what I am explaining?”. The teacher asked the schoolboy if he being listened to what she being explained.
3. He asked her: “Will you go abroad when you recover from your illness?”. He asked her if she will be gone abroad when she has recovered from her illness.
4. Father asked his son: “Have you done your homework?”. Father asked his son if has been done his homework.

 

Задание 18. Преобразуйте предложения со специальными вопросами из прямой речи в косвенную, делая необходимые изменения.

1. Yesterday she asked me: “How long does it take you to get home if you go by bus. Yesterday she asked me how long does it takes me to get home if I go by bus.
2. The shop assistant asked the customer: “What colour dress do you prefer?”. The shop assistant asked the customer what dress is he prefer.
3. The young man asked the girl: “What time are you going to have dinner tomorrow?”. The young man asked the girl what time is she going to have dinner tomorrow.
4. “What’s the title of the book you are reading?” Mary asked Jane. Mary asked Jane what’s the title of the book is she resding.
5. “Where did you live before you moved to your new flat?” the investigator asked the suspect. The investigator asked the suspect were did he lives before he moves to his new flat.

 

Задание 19. Преобразуйте предложения, содержащие просьбу или приказание в прямой речи, в косвенную речь.

1. The little boy asked his mother: “Don’t wake me up so early tomorrow.” . The little boy asked his mother not to wake him up so early tomorrow.
2. The manager asked his secretary: “Send this message at once, please.” . The manager asked his secretary to send this message at once.
3. Mother asked the child-minder: “Don’t take the child for a walk, he doesn’t feel well yet.”. Mother asked the child-minder not to take the child for a walk.
4. The shop assistant offered: “Try these pair of brown shoes, please.”. The shop assistant offered to try these pair of brown shoes.
5. She told her step-daughter: “Go and buy some fruit and vegetables for lunch.” She told her step-daughter to buy some fruit and vegetables for lunch.

 

Задание 20. Преобразуйте предложения из действительного в страдательный залог. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге и переведите полученные предложения на русский язык.

1. She will introduce her brother to me. Her brother will be introducing to me by her. Ее брат будет представлен мне ею.
2. My brother has bought this house for 15 000 dollars. This house was bought for 15000 dollars by my brother. Этот дом был куплен за 15000 долларов моим братом.
3. I can’t give you a lift . My car is being repaired at the moment. You couldn’t given a lift by me. Ты не можешь быть подвезен мною.
4. The teacher explained this grammar rule at the last lesson. This grammar rule have been explained at the last lesson. Это правило было объяснено учителем на прошлом уроке.
5. They built this house in the 16^th century. This house was built by him in the 16^th century. Этот дом был построен в 16 веке.