Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 07 Апреля 2014 в 09:06, контрольная работа
People who have work want less of it, people who don't have enough want more of it. However, most people spend a third of their lives at work and spend more time with their work colleagues than with their families or friends. So it is important that people enjoy their work as much as possible: and enjoying work means choosing the right career in the first place. People in Britain can start work at the age of sixteen, though many people stay at school after this age. For all people, as they approach the end of their school lives, the big question is—what are they going to do? How are they going to find a job? What kind of further-training will they need?
TEXT 18
Starting Work
People who have work want less of it, people who don't have enough want more of it. However, most people spend a third of their lives at work and spend more time with their work colleagues than with their families or friends. So it is important that people enjoy their work as much as possible: and enjoying work means choosing the right career in the first place. People in Britain can start work at the age of sixteen, though many people stay at school after this age. For all people, as they approach the end of their school lives, the big question is—what are they going to do? How are they going to find a job? What kind of further-training will they need? Most young people have several choices open to them when they leave school. Here are some of them. They can leave school at sixteen, and take a low-paid job, often a manual one, such as working in a shop or a factory. They can leave school at sixteen, take a job but spend one day a week at a College of Further Education learning more about the theory and practice of their work. Many people who are learning a practical skill—for example, car mechan¬ics, caterers, hairdressers or typists—do this. At the end of their training, they get a qualification which gives them a better chance of promotion and higher wages. At the same time, they have gained practical experience in their job because they have been working while training. Many people stay at school to take O-level and A-1evel G.C.E examinations. This means working very hard and earning no money for two or three more years. However, with O-levels and A-levels, a student has many choices open to him. If he goes to a Technical College, he can get a qualifi¬cation in a practical skill such as engineering, art and design, secretarial work, business studies or child care. He can go to a College of Education and train to be a teacher. He can go to medical school or a hospital and learn to become a doctor. If a student has very good results in his A-levels he can go to a university and get a degree in a subject like Languages, Maths, Philosophy, Literature or Science. This normally takes three years. However, after such an academic course, many students still have no practical skill for doing a job. Some then take another course to learn to use their knowledge in teaching law or accountancy, for example.
I went to university after leaving school and got a degree in history. I wasn't sure what to do after that, as my degree didn't qualify me for any particular job. I wanted a job that involved people but I am a very practical, organised person and I also wanted a career with good promotion prospects and good pay. So I decided to train to be a solicitor. If you haven't got a degree in Law, the training takes a long time and requires a lot of dedicated hard work. I had to take the Law Society exams which took six months of constant study. After that, I was able to take a very junior job in a solicitor's office while I took the rest of my exams. It was hard work and I got very little pay for two years, but it was worth it. I earn excellent money now and enjoy the work. The only trouble is, it looks as if I'll be sitting in this office until I retire at sixty-five! .
TEST 5
1. Use the verbs in the proper tense forms.
Androclus
In ancient Rome (древний
Рим) there lived a poor slave (раб) who...........................
But one day Androclus ..............................
So, the two friends ........................(get) their freedom and....................... (live) happily together for many years to come.
to hide – hid – hidden – hiding
to lie – lay – lain – lying
1. Он подумал, что все уже ушли, но они все еще ждали его.
2. На днях я встретил на улице старого друга. Мы не виделись десять лет, и он очень изменился.
3. Сколько лет ты знаешь Ника? – Мы знаем друг друга (each other) с тех пор, как начали учиться в этом колледже.
4. Я вошел в зал, когда фильм уже начался.
5. Я не знал, что ты ждешь меня.
6. Он сказал, что учит этот язык давно, но еще не научился быстро говорить.
TEXT 8
Ford Motor Company
The founding of the Ford Motor Company was important in the field of motor cars not only from the point of view of mass production, but above all because it highlighted, right from its beginning, the philosophy of the car for masses.
Hemy Ford, creator, and commander of the company, introduced a number of other novel concepts.
The Ford Motor Company was founded on the 16th June of 1903 with a capital of $150,000. Henry Ford became Vice-President and also assumed the post of Chief Engineer and General Manager.
Among the shareholders were the Dodge brothers, ex-mechanics. Though the new Ford Company was too much a risk the Dodges accepted Ford's offer of 10 per cent of the shares in return for providing the machine tools for the factory he was building and for beginning the production of Ford engines in their own workshop.
The beginning was not easy. There was strong competition from such established companies as Cadillac, Oldsmobile, Reo and Packard. Ford gave letters to his cars.
Model "N" was produced in 1906 and represented Ford's first attempt to enter the mass market.
In 1994 Ford designated the Russian market as a strategic one and began assessing the opinions for organizing production in Russia. However it was resolved to send up a "trial balloon" from neighboring Belarus.
In the fall of 1997 Ford Union began assembling Ford Transit mini-buses in the Minsk Region. That production survived only three years. During the service period Ford Belarus managed to make only 3,600 vehicles, after which it had to stop production as it appeared to be losing money. Ford Union is currently operating in Minsk, but now only as a dealer.
By that time Ford already selected the site for the Russian plant, in Vsevolzhsk, 20 kilometers away from St. Petersburg. In the spring of 1999 Ford signed an investment agreement with the Russian government and construction started in 2000.
Within two years Ford spent $150 million to create a full-circuit production with the capacity of 25,000 cars per year. The production in Russia concentrated on the Ford Focus model.
In September 2001 Ford signed its first contract with a Russian supplier, Bor Glass Factory.
TEST 3
1. Use the verb given in brackets in the right tense form.
Blowing Hot And Cold With The Same Breath
(Согревать и охлаждать одним дыханием)
There was once a wild (дикий) man who (to live) on a hill (холм) which (to be) far in the forest. He was a simple man and seldom (to speak) to other people.
One day he (to notice) (заметить) a man who (to walk) along a path (тропа) in the forest below the hill. He (to run) down to him and (to say), “ I want to talk to you. You (to come) to my house and (to have) a talk with me?” The man agreed (согласиться). They (to climb) (взбираться) the hill together. As it (to be) a cold day, the stranger (to breathe) (дышать) on his hands. “What you (to do)?” (to ask) the wild man. “I (to blow) on my hands.”
“Why you (to do) it?”
“My hands (to be) cold. It (to make) them warm.”
“I understand,” (to say) the wild man.
When they (to come) to the house on the hill, the wild man (to give) the stranger a cup of boiling (кипящий) milk. As the milk (to be) very hot, the stranger (to begin) (to blow) on it.
“What you (to do) now?” (to ask) the wild man.
“I (to blow) on my milk.”
“Why you (to do) it?”
“The milk (to be) hot. I (to blow) because it (to make) the milk cold.”
“What!” (to shout) (кричать) the wild man. “But before you (to blow) on your hands to make them hot. (To get out) of my house! I (not to want) men like you in my home. You (not to be) an honest (честный) man if you (to blow) hot and cold with the same breath (дыхание).”
2. Choose the right word to fill in the gap.
1. Didn’t you see the show . . . . . Sunday?
A. at C. in
B. on D. for
2. . . . . . . are only seven stations on this metro-line.
A. These C. There
B. It D. This
3. Take your umbrella, it is . . . . . .
A. windy C. foggy
B. frosty D. raining
4. There aren’t . . . . . fruits at this time of the year.
A. some C. no
B. any D. none.
5. A typist (машинистка) is someone who . . . . . letters and reports.
A. types C. is typing
B. type D. are typing
6. The conference will finish . . . . . four o’clock.
A. to C. in
B. on D. at
7. It . . . . . to rain soon.
A. going C. is going
B. is being D. Will
8. . . . . . . something strange in this situation.
A. There is C. This is
B. It is D. That is
9. . . . . . . of the hotels in the city has a swimming pool?
A. What C.Which
B. Who D. Whose
10. What was . . . . . moment in your life?
A. happy C. happier
B. the happy D. the happiest
11. There are four lakes in this region, . . . . . ?
A. is it C. are there
B. aren’t there D. aren’t they
12. I’ve got two TV-sets. One is in the living-room, and . . . . . is in the kitchen.
A. another C. others
B. other D. the other
13. You make mistakes as you don’t work . . . . . .
A. little C. few
B. a little D. much
14. Let him eat . . . . . .
A. little C. small
B. few D. a little
3. Make up all possible types of questions: a)general, b) alternative, c) tail question, special questions to every word, d) a question to the subject.
She did the work well last week.
We like English tea.