Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 16 Июня 2015 в 00:00, лекция
В английском языке употребление времени глагола-сказуемого в придаточном предложении зависит от времени глагола-сказуемого в главном предложении. Это называется правилом согласования времен.
Правило согласования времен заключается в следующем:
1)Если в главном предложении глагол-сказуемое стоит в одной из форм настоящего или будущего времени, то глагол-сказуемое в придаточном предложении может стоять в любой временной форме, которая требуется по смыслу.
Mum says, ‘Dinner is ready’. Mum says that dinner is ready.
2)Если в главном предложении глагол-сказуемое стоит в одной из форм прошедшего времени, то в придаточном предложении глагол-сказуемое нужно употреблять также в одной из форм прошедшего.
Времена | |
из |
в |
Simple Present |
Simple Past |
Simple Past |
Past Perfect |
Present Perfect | |
Past Perfect | |
will |
would |
Progressive forms | |
am/are/is |
was/were |
was/were |
had been |
has been | |
has been |
Пример | |
из |
в |
Peter: "I work in the garden." |
Peter said that he worked in the garden. |
Peter: "I worked in the garden." |
Peter said that he had worked in the garden. |
Peter: "I have worked in the garden." | |
Peter: "I had worked in the garden." | |
Peter: "I will work in the garden." |
Peter said that he would work in the garden. |
Peter: "I can work in the garden." |
Peter said that he could work in the garden. |
Peter: "I may work in the garden." |
Peter said that he might work in the garden. |
Peter: "I would work in the garden." |
Peter said that he would work in the garden. |
Progressive forms | |
Peter: "I'm working in the garden." |
Peter said that he was working in the garden. |
Peter: "I was working in the garden." |
Peter said that he had been working in the garden. |
Peter: "I have been working in the garden." | |
Peter: "I had been working in the garden." |
this (evening) |
that (evening) |
today/this day |
that day |
these (days) |
those (days) |
now |
then |
(a week) ago |
(a week) before |
last weekend |
the weekend before / the previous weekend |
here |
there |
next (week) |
the following (week) |
tomorrow |
the next/following day |
Affirmative commands |
Negative commands |
Father: "Do your homework." |
Teacher. "Don't talk to your neighbour." |
Father told me to do my homework. |
The teacher told me not to talk to my neighbour. |