Банковская система Англии

Банковская система Англии на английском языке.
The principal types of banking in the modern world are commercial banking and central banking. A commercial banker is a dealer in money and in substitutes for money such as checks or bills of exchange. The banker also provides a variety of financial services. The basis of the banking business is borrowing from individuals, firms, and occasionally governments. With these resources and also with the bank own capital, the banker makes loans or extends credit and also invests in securities. The banker makes profit by borrowing at one rate of interest and lending at a higher rate and by charging commissions for services rendered. A bank must always have cash on hand in order to pay its depositors upon demand or when the amounts credited to them become due.

INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………….3
Unit 1. THE BANKING SYSTEM OF THE UK………………5
1.1. THE BANK OF ENGLAND....................................................................6
1.2. RETAIL BANKS....................................................................................11
1.3. WHOLESALE BANKS (MERCHANT BANKS)....................................13
1.4. DISCOUNT HOUSES..........................................................................14
Unit 2. SPECIALIZED BANKS AND NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS..............................................................................................16
2.1. INVESTMENT AND SAVINGS BANKS..............................................16
2.2. INVESTMENT TRUSTS AND UNIT TRUSTS.....................................17
2.3. PENSION FUNDS AND INSURANCE COMPANIES.........................20
2.4. BUILDING SOCIETIES AND FINANCE COMPANIES.....................22
Conclusion....................................................................................26
Glossary........................................................................................27
Bibliography.................................................................................30