Do States think in terms of Universal Gains or Relative Gains? Explain with reference to one or more state

This paper basically concentrates on the question whether states think in terms of universal gains, or relative gains. The basic theories on which this paper would be based on are neoliberal institutionalism and structural realism. These two concepts determine the basic features of relative and universal gains, where one looks at the idea of absolute or universal gains, and the other looks at the reasons that prevent states to think in terms of relative gains. Apart from theoretical views that these two concepts introduce I have taken two case studies. The first one is the case of Roghun dam that is being built in Tajikistan, which has a negative impact to Uzbekistan’s economy, which shows that Tajikistan’s attitude is driven towards relative gains.