Иммиграция

Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence. Immigration is made for many reasons, including economic, political, family re-unification, natural disaster, poverty or the wish to change one's surroundings voluntarily.

People migrate for many different reasons. These reasons can be classified as economic, social, political or environmental: Economic migration may involve moving to find work or follow a particular career path. Social migration may involve moving somewhere for a better quality of life or to be closer to family or friends. If someone is a political migrant they may be moving to escape political persecution or war. Environmental causes of migration include natural disasters such as flooding. Some people choose to migrate, for example someone who moves to another country to enhance their career opportunities. Some people are forced to migrate, for example someone who moves away from their home region due to war or famine.

Often those who are forced to migrate become refugees. A refugee is someone who has left their home and does not have a new home to go to. Often refugees do not carry many possessions with them and do not have a clear idea of where they may finally settle. Push and pull factors are often used to explain why people migrate: Push factors are the reasons why people leave an area, i.e. what pushes them away from their home. Push factors include: lack of services, lack of safety, high crime, crop failure, drought, flooding, poverty and war. Pull factors are the reasons why people move to a particular area, i.e. what pulls them to a new place. Pull factors include: higher employment, more wealth, better services, good climate, safer, less crime, political stability, more fertile land, lower risk from natural hazards. Migration usually happens as a result of a combination of these factors.

It is obvious that when people come to another country as immigrants, they can face with some problems. I’d like to give some of it: 1. Language problems. It could be that the immigrant doesn't speak much of the local language or they have such a thick accent that it can make it difficult for locals to understand them. 2. Cultural problems. This is the most fundamental issue an immigrant faces if they have immigrated to a country with different cultural values. The immigrant faces a challenge - how to keep faithful to their own values whilst understanding that they are in a new country with different values that they must respect in order to make the most successful transition possible. This can be quite a delicate balancing act. 3. Socio-economic problems. Many immigrants come to the realization that, in their new country, they're often unable to get anything more than low-paying jobs. It's often the case the foreign qualifications are not recognized in the new country (e.g. medical qualifications may not be recognized unless the immigrant takes new tests/exams in their new country). This can hinder their ability to form a good life for themselves as they stay stuck on the low rung of the economic ladder. Many immigrants also face racial bias, finding it difficult to get interviews. 4. Legal problems. Immigrants may also not have full access to the law - they may not be able to claim benefits if they lose their job, they may not be able to access the public health system and they may not have the right to vote.

In our world there are many brave people who immigrate illegal. The problems with illegal immigration can be divided into dangers faced by illegal immigrants and problems faced by the host or receiving country. Illegal immigrants may expose themselves and citizens of the nations they encroach upon to dangers while engaged in illegal entry into another country. Aside from the possibility that they may be intercepted and deported, some considerably more dangerous outcomes have been known to result from their activity. As an example, unauthorized immigrants may be trafficked for exploitation including sexual exploitation and some illegal immigrants are involved in broader criminal activity.

In conclusion I’d like to say that in spite of all advantages and disadvantages of immigration some people come back home. I think they do it, in those cause when they can’t deal with difficulties with which they face in country. May be for some people to live without their relative, close friends is very difficult.