The Economy Of Texas

The MINISTRY of EDUCATION AND SCIENCE of the RUSSIAN FEDERATION in chief of the Ural economic University

University College

Abstract

Topic: «The Economy Of Texas»

Artist: Shamanaeva Ksenia

Group 11-03-DB2

Teacher: Osinnikova Julia

Borisovna

Ekaterinburg

2013.

The economy of the state of Texas is the second (after California) in the United States of America in terms of gross domestic product. If the "lone star State" was an independent state, it would have occupied fifteenth place in the list of the richest countries of the world. In Texas headquarters for more than fifty Fortune 500 companies (the largest corporations in the United States), more only in New York and California. Furthermore, Texas is the largest exporter among all U.S. States.

The economy of Texas very different directions, in the state of extract and process minerals, produce various industrial and agricultural products, to the rapidly developing tourism and high-tech industries.

The largest sector of the economy of Texas is the extraction of mineral resources, especially oil. The volume of the explored in the Texas oil fields is about one third of the reserves of "black gold" in the USA, mining is carried out not only on land, but also with platforms located in the Gulf of Mexico. In the state there are headquarters of several oil companies, including ExxonMobil, ConocoPhillips and Marathon Oil and other. In Texas oil produce, but also processed. Here are some of the largest petrochemical plants, among which is owned by ExxonMobil's largest oil refinery in Baytown near Houston.

Besides oil, in Texas in producing natural gas, helium (the city of Amarillo to the North of the state called "the helium capital, for decades there was the largest in the US store this gas, coal, salt, sulfur, gypsum, talc, crushed stone and other minerals.

Agriculture, mortgaged in the XIX century the foundations of prosperity of Texas, and today remains one of the most important industries in the state. The main crop of Texas is cotton, here he produced more than any other state in the US. In addition, on farms "lone star State" grow rice, wheat, oats, pecans, peanuts, melons, fruits, citrus, sugar cane. In Texas, especially in the hill-Country are well-developed viticulture and winemaking.

Traditional branch of agriculture is cattle breeding, ranch in Texas graze over fifteen million head of cattle, and the livestock of sheep and goats, the state ranks first in the United States. In the coastal waters of Texas production of fish and seafood.

In Texas, several objects of the U.S. Armed forces, including army base in Fort hood, one of the biggest military training centers Fort bliss; the world's largest complex of repair and modernization of helicopters Corpus Christi; hospital in Fort Sam Houston; airbase Sheppard, Dyce, Goodfellow, Laughlin, Lakeland, Randolph, and others.

The state also has a number of enterprises of defense industry, the most famous of which are the Lockheed Martin Aeronautics (production of military transport aircraft and fighters), Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control (missiles and fire control systems) and Bell Helicopter (helicopter). In addition, working in the Texas company to develop and manufacture various equipment and software for aviation, reconnaissance and communication systems.

In the "lone star State" are many of the leading companies working in the field of microelectronics, computer and information technologies, and the largest center of innovative development is the capital of Texas, Austin. Here, in the so called area "Silicon hills" (by analogy with the "Silicon valley" in California) are the headquarters of one of the largest U.S. manufacturers of computers and electronic devices Dell and producing semiconductor Freescale Semiconductor products, as well as IBM, Apple, Hewlett-Packard, Google, AMD, and other well-known IT companies. Here, at the University of Texas, is one of the most powerful supercomputers of America. The Dallas area, where companies operate, Texas Instruments, Alcatel, AT&T, Ericsson, Nokia, Cisco, Verizon, called "Silicon Prairie" or "Telecom corridor".

In Texas is one of the most important objects of the National Aeronautics and space administration (NASA) - Lyndon B. Johnson Space center. In a huge (more than 650 ha) complex, which is located near Houston, training of astronauts, management in manned space flights, as well as actively engaged in scientific-research works.

In Texas are a lot of different industrial enterprises, in the state produce foodstuffs, chemicals, power equipment, various machinery (including cars).

Texas - one of the major centers of the entertainment industry in the United States of America, many Hollywood studios have units in Dallas and Austin.

An important branch of economy "lone star State" is tourism. Numerous visitors are attracted mild climate resorts on the Gulf coast, the sandy beaches of the barrier Islands, scenic nature reserves, monuments of Texas history and attractions.