Антикризисное управление (Crisis Management)

10. Every Crisis Is An Opportunity. Smart leaders understand that in the midst of crisis, there is opportunity. Don’t be afraid to seize the moment. Yes, there is risk involved, but that is true with every opportunity. 
 

Crisis Management Model

There are 3 phases in any Crisis Management are as below:

1. The diagnosis of the impending trouble or the danger signals.
2. Choosing appropriate Turnaround Strategy.
3. Implementation of the change process and its monitoring.

In conclusion it can be said that destinations which are actively planning and setting strategies for a potential crisis or disaster, are really well ahead of those who are not prepared, in dealing with the adverse situation. A crisis management is a combination of reduction, readiness, response and recovery process. Good management of a crisis involves risk analysis, risk classification, preparing for the crisis by establishing contingency plan including strategy, plan and media communication, checking the established contingency plan and preparing a recovery marketing plan. If the management is ready for any crisis with all the necessary tools, they will be able to act quickly and decisively with proper utilization of available resources. Destinations can use theoretical models or they can develop their own management framework using the theorist framework combining with their own understanding of past events, recovery procedures  
used, response from the victims and destination specific special needs. To survive in the competitive tourism world, destinations have to be very careful in their  
planning, developing and management or else they will lose potential market in extreme situations like a crisis or disaster. 

Crisis management is the process by which an organization deals with a major event that threatens to harm the organization, its stakeholders, or the general public. The study of crisis management originated with the large scale industrial and environmental disasters in the 1980s. Three elements are common to most definitions of crisis: (a) a threat to the organization, (b) the element of surprise, and (c) a short decision time. Therefore the fourth defining quality is the need for change. If change is not needed, the event could more accurately be described as a failure or incident.

In contrast to risk management, which involves assessing potential threats and finding the best ways to avoid those threats, crisis management involves dealing with threats before, during, and after they have occurred. It is a discipline within the broader context of management consisting of skills and techniques required to identify, assess, understand, and cope with a serious situation, especially from the moment it first occurs to the point that recovery procedures start.

During the crisis management process, it is important to identify types of crises in that different crises necessitate the use of different crisis management strategies. Potential crises are enormous, but crises can be clustered.

Eight types of crises:

1. Natural disaster
2. Technological crises
3. Confrontation
4. Malevolence
5. Organizational Misdeeds
6. Workplace Violence
7. Rumours
8. Terrorist attacks/man-made disasters

 

 

 

 

Conclusion

In conclusion it can be said that destinations which are actively planning and setting strategies for a potential crisis or disaster, are really well ahead of those who are not prepared, in dealing with the adverse situation. A crisis management is a combination of reduction, readiness, response and recovery process. Good management of a crisis involves risk analysis, risk classification, preparing for the crisis by establishing contingency plan including strategy, plan and media communication, checking the established contingency plan and preparing a recovery marketing plan. If the management is ready for any crisis with all the necessary tools, they will be able to act quickly and decisively with proper utilization of available resources. Destinations can use theoretical models or they can develop their own management framework using the theorist framework combining with their own understanding of past events, recovery procedures  
used, response from the victims and destination specific special needs. To survive in the competitive tourism world, destinations have to be very careful in their  
planning, developing and management or else they will lose potential market in extreme situations like a crisis or disaster.  

Historically, politics and crisis go hand-in-hand. In describing crisis, President Abraham Lincoln said, “We live in the midst of alarms, anxiety beclouds the future; we expect some new disaster with each newspaper we read.”

Crisis management has become a defining feature of contemporary governance. In times of crisis, communities and members of organizations expect their public leaders to minimize the impact of the crisis at hand, while critics and bureaucratic competitors try to seize the moment to blame incumbent rulers and their policies. In this extreme environment, policy makers must somehow establish a sense of normality, and foster collective learning from the crisis experience.

In the face of crisis, leaders must deal with the strategic challenges they face, the political risks and opportunities they encounter, the errors they make, the pitfalls they need to avoid, and the paths away from crisis they may pursue. The necessity for management is even more significant with the advent of a 24-hour news cycle and an increasingly internet-savvy audience with ever-changing technology at its fingertips.

Public leaders have a special responsibility to help safeguard society from the adverse consequences of crisis. Experts in crisis management note that leaders who take this responsibility seriously would have to concern themselves with all crisis phases: the incubation stage, the onset, and the aftermath. Crisis leadership then involves five critical tasks: sense making, decision making, meaning making, terminating, and learning.

A brief description of the five facets of crisis leadership includes:

Sense making may be considered as the classical situation assessment step in decision making.

Decision making is both the act of coming to a decision as the implementation of that decision.

Meaning making refers to crisis management as political communication.

Terminating a crisis is only possible if the public leader correctly handles the accountability question.

Learning, refers to the actual learning from a crisis is limited. The authors note, a crisis often opens a window of opportunity for reform for better or for worse.

 

Reference  

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_management