Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 10 Мая 2014 в 17:22, курсовая работа
A simple enquiry can be made by e-mail, fax or cable. The contents of an enquiry will depend on three things: how well you know the supplier, whether the supplier is based in your country or abroad, and the type of goods or services you are enquiring about.
At the beginning of the enquiry you should tell your potential supplier what sort of organization you are and how you have learnt about the company you are contacting. It might be useful to point out that you know their associates, or that they were recommended to you by a consulate or trade association.
Глава 1.Theory part of offers and enquiries.
1.1. Theory of enquiries
1.2. Theory of offers
Глава 2. Practical part of offers and enquiries
2.1. Practical use of enquiries
2.2. Practical use of offers
Курсовая работа
по предмету «проблемы переводов текстов в сфере коммерческого перевода.»
По теме: "Offers and enquiries"
Выполнил Дружинин Н.В.
Проверила Большакова А.Ю.
Глава 1.Theory part of offers and enquiries.
1.1. Theory of enquiries
1.2. Theory of offers
Глава 2. Practical part of offers and enquiries
2.1. Practical use of enquiries
2.2. Practical use of offers
Глава 1.Theory part of offers and enquiries.
1.1. Theory of enquiries.
A simple enquiry can be made by e-mail, fax or cable. The contents of an enquiry will depend on three things: how well you know the supplier, whether the supplier is based in your country or abroad, and the type of goods or services you are enquiring about.
At the beginning of the enquiry you should tell your potential supplier what sort of organization you are and how you have learnt about the company you are contacting. It might be useful to point out that you know their associates, or that they were recommended to you by a consulate or trade association.
It is not necessary to give a lot of information about yourself when asking for catalogues, price lists, etc. In this case it is helpful to point out briefly any particular items you are interested in. When asking for goods or services you should be specific and state exactly what you want. If replying to an advertisement, you should mention the journal or newspaper and its date.
You might want to see what material or item looks like before placing an order. Most suppliers are willing to provide samples or patterns so that you can make a selection. So, you may ask to see an example of the article you want to buy.
Sometimes retailers and wholesalers want to see how a line will sell before placing a firm order with a supplier. Two ways of doing this are by getting goods on approval or on sale or return basis. In either case the supplier would have to know the customer well, or would want trade reference. The supplier would also place a time limit on when the goods must be returned or paid for.
To close an enquiry a simple “thank you” is usually used. However, you could mention that a prompt reply would be appreciated, or that certain terms or guarantees would be necessary.
You can also indicate further business or other lines you would be interested in. If a supplier thinks that you may become a regular customer, they will be more inclined to quote competitive terms and offer concessions.
Деловая переписка на английском языке осуществляется в соответствии с определенными правилами, закрепленными традицией. Существует разрыв между разговорным английским и английским деловых бумаг, поэтому все выражения, характерные для деловых писем, должны выучиваться наизусть, а практика писания деловых писем должна быть как можно более частой. Только таким образом можно почувствовать и освоить стиль английской деловой корреспонденции.
Основные требования к стилю английского делового письма: ясность, сжатость и вежливость.
Обычно английское деловое письмо содержит следующие семь частей:
Заголовок делового письма обычно напечатан на специальном бланке фирмы и содержит название фирмы, а также ее адрес, телефон, адрес электронной почты и другие детали (например, адреса филиалов фирмы). Иногда в заголовке также содержится указание на область деятельности фирмы, имена ее руководителей и т.д.
Часто непосредственно под заголовком делового письма, на той же строке, что и дата, но в левой части страницы, находится ссылка (Reference). Это может быть номер делового письма или какая-либо аббревиатура, и отправитель письма просит получателя в своем ответе ссылаться именно на этот номер или аббревиатуру. Нумерация на ссылках бывает разной, в зависимости от правил той или иной фирмы. Она может содержать, например, сокращенное наименование какого-либо отдела.
В этой главе приводятся основные выражения, чаще всего используемые в простых деловых письмах. В последующих главах дается более полный набор слов и выражений для всех видов деловых писем, здесь же даны лишь самые необходимые выражения, используемые: 1) для подтверждения получения письма, факса, электронного письма и т.п.; 2) при ссылке на предыдущую переписку; 3) для вежливых просьб о чем-либо; 4) для ответов на эти просьбы; 5) при посылке чего-либо; 6) выражения сожаления, извинения; 7) при исправлении ошибок.
A good many business transactions are opened with an enquiry. A general item of information, a price list, a catalogue may be asked for. Detailed enquiries may express requests for the prices of specified articles, terms of delivery, delivery dates, etc. They are mostly short and to the point. The size of the future order may be referred to because large-scale selling tends to reduce prices. In such cases the seller usually grants the buyer a rebate or quantity discount from the list prices. If made by e-mail, telephone or in a personal interview, enquiries should be confirmed by a letter.
NOTES
1. |
a good many |
— многие |
2. |
a general item of information |
— сведения общего характера |
3. |
articles n pi |
— товары |
4. |
to the point |
— по существу |
5. |
be referred to |
— зд. оговорен |
6. |
large-scale adj |
— широкомасштабный |
7. |
to reduce v |
— сокращать |
8. |
to grant v |
— предоставлять |
9. |
rebate n |
— скидка |
to grant a rebate |
— предоставлять скидку | |
10. |
list prices |
— прейскурантные цены |
EXPRESSIONS MOST COMMONLY USED IN LETTERS OF ENQUIRIES:
1.2. Theory of offers
Replies to enquiries provide for a high percentage of business letters. Many firms make it a point to answer enquiries the very day they are received, giving them precedence over all other letters. Even if drawing up the requested offer takes several days, they send the customer a first reply as soon as possible. It must be taken into account that the client may need the goods rather urgently and that he has written more than one letter. Of course he will consider6 those replies first that come first.
One should be especially tactful if for some reason or other one cannot comply with the request of the would be customer. In any case one should do one’s best in order not to rebuff him. One may draw his attention to other lines of trade. They ought to be equivalent, of course.
EXPRESSIONS MOST COMMONLY USED IN REPLIES TO ENQUIRIES:
If one is able to do so, one should immediately send the customer the solicited offer which is sometimes made out in the form of a preform invoice and may be valid for a period only.
The offers generally fall into two categories: the firm (binding) offer and the offer without engagement . A firm offer is made by the seller to one potential buyer only. Usually the time during which it remains valid is indicated. If the buyer accepts the offer in full during the stipulated time, the goods are considered to have been sold to him at the price and on the terms stated in the offer.
An offer without engagement may be made to several potential buyers and the goods are considered to have been sold only when the seller, after receipt of the buyer’s acceptance, confirms having
sold him the goods at the price and on the terms indicated in the
offer.
It goes without saying that offers should be made out very carefully. They should contain:
1) Exact quantities, measurements, weights.
2) The quality of the goods (chemical analysis, performance, material, brand, etc.).
3) The method of transport, if there are several possibilities.
4) The exact date of delivery or time of delivery (e.g.: Our articles will be delivered ex works by the 30th May,... Delivery can be effected six weeks after the receipt of your order, etc.).
5) The terms of payment, for instance:
— payment in advance,
— cash payment,
— payment by letter of credit (L/C),
— document against payment (D/P),
— payment on receipt of goods,
— payment with clearing agreement.
The currency in which payment is to be effected, the bank with which you work, the place of payment, etc. should be stipulated.
6) The terms of delivery define what the price actually includes and stipulate the mutual obligations of the seller and the buyer. The most usual terms of delivery are F.O.B. (Free on Board), F.O.R. (Free on Rail), C.I.F. (Cost, Insurance, Freight), C.&F. (Cost and Freight) and others. The question of delivery terms is dealt with more extensively in the chapter concerning the transportation documents (Chapter XVII).
General Conditions of Sale
(Reverse Side of the Offer)
1. Acceptance: The acceptance of this tender includes the acceptance of the following terms and conditions unless there is a special agreement to the contrary in respect of any of them.
2. Validity: No order shall be binding on the Sellers until confirmed by them in writing. The tender may be withdrawn or the price and/or the terms quoted may be altered in any respect before the order has been received and accepted by the Sellers.
3. Quality: Unless otherwise specified, the quality of the goods shall be in conformity with the corresponding Russian Standards or in the absence of such standards with the technical specifications adopted by the manufacturing plant and confirmed by Certificates of Quality. The Sellers receive the right without special consent of the Buyers to introduce alterations of minor importance which do not affect materially the quality and the price of the goods.
4. Price: The price includes the cost of a standard set of spare parts if such parts are required. Erection costs or technical service, if any, are not included in the price and will be charged extra.
5. Delivery: The tender is made subject to prior sale. The time indicated for shipment shall be reckoned from the date of the contract or of the Sellers’ confirmation of the order. The date of delivery shall be considered for land transport — the date on which the goods pass the Russian border and for sea transport — the date of the Bill of Lading.
6. Payment: Unless some other arrangement is made, payment shall be effected by an irrevocable, confirmed and divisible Letter of Credit to be established by the Buyers in favor of the Sellers with the Bank for Foreign Trade of Russia, Moscow, within 15 days of receipt of the Sellers’ notification of the readiness of the goods for shipment.
Unless otherwise specified, the Letter of Credit is to be valid for 90 days, all Bank charges being at the expense of the Buyers.
7. Guarantee: The technical data given by the Sellers and the high quality and normal operation of the equipment are guaranteed for the period stated in the contract or in Sellers’ confirmation of the order. Should the equipment prove to be defective during the guarantee period, the Sellers undertake to replace or repair any defective part free of charge. The guarantee shall not apply to normal wear or damage caused by importer storage, inadequate or careless maintenance.
Глава 2. Practical part of offers and enquiries
2.1. Practical use of enquiries
EXAMPLES OF LETTERS.
Enquiry for cameras.
Dear Sirs,
In the “German Export” magazine No. 3, 2... we noticed an advertisement describing your CONTAX and EXACTA cameras.
We are very interested in these and, for that matter, in any other cameras you may manufacture.
We suggest, therefore, that you send us your catalogue and price lists in triplicate and preferably in English, together with an indication of discounts and delivery time.
For your information we may add that our company was established ten years ago and has sales outlets in all main cities of Russia.
We look forward to an early reply.
Yours faithfully,
Dear Sirs,
We are interested in importing your office equipment to Russia. If you can supply, we would appreciate catalogues and prices by return of mail.
Yours faithfully,
Dear Sirs,
We understand that your firm manufactures and sells motor scooters. We are a wholesale importing house having many customers throughout Great Britain, both in the wholesale and retail trades.
Motor scooters are becoming very popular in this country, but we have to point out that the competition is very strong.
We should be glad to receive your illustrated catalogues and price lists. Please quote your keenest export prices.
For your information: our bankers are: The England and Scotland Bank Ltd., High Street, London.
Yours faithfully,
Dear Sirs,
We are indebted to “Kelly’s Directory” for your name and address and take the liberty to introduce ourselves as motor cycle importers in Moscow.
We should be very pleased if you would kindly let us have by return of mail your prices for the various types of motor cycles you can offer, together with the delivery dates.
We thank you in anticipation of a prompt reply.
Yours faithfully,
Dear Sirs,
We should be grateful if you send us by return of mail a detailed quotation covering the model PKE1250 x 1000 Vertical Boring and Turning Mill.
Your price should be calculated on the basis F.O.B. British Ocean Port and the machine should be complete with electrical equipment for operation on a 400/440 volts, 3-phase, 50 cycle AC supply. When quoting, please indicate the commission included.
Yours faithfully.
2.2. Practical use of offers
EXAMPLES OF LETTERS:
Dear Sirs,
Your Enquiry of March 23rd, 2...
We thank you for your letter of March 23rd from which we gather that you are interested in “Sever” Biscuit Products.
We have pleasure, therefore, in enclosing our up-to-date price list for this line. The prices are quoted net, no discount being granted. You will receive three catalogues under separate cover.
We trust our offer will appeal to you and look forward to your reply with interest.
Yours faithfully,
Enclosure
Gentlemen:
Your Enquiry of July 3, 2...
Our factory, “Lenpribor”, sent us your above enquiry for further attention. We enclose a proforma invoice showing all details required.
Unfortunately, the relative catalogue is at present available in Russian only. That is why the proforma invoice is accompanied by a prospectus covering C02 Recorders, which may prove helpful.
We are confident that our offer will induce you to send us your order soon.
Yours faithfully,
Enclosure
Dear Sirs,
Offer of VEB Geratebau Babelsberg
Referring to your letter of 15th January we send you an offer of VEB Geratebau Babelsberg.
The price indicated is understood net ex works. On this price we grant you a wholesale discount of twenty per cent.
The total amount of USD 5,000.00 is quoted CIF St. Petersburg. We trust to have served you with our offer and should be pleased to receive your order soon.
Yours faithfully,
Enclosure
Dear Sirs,
Document Cases from Russia
We thank you for your enquiry of the 12th June concerning Document Cases.
We are pleased to send you an offer for our Documents Cases models 440 and 330. You will notice that the price list states delivery about ten weeks after receipt of order. We should like to add that the first consignment could be despatched in August,...
Two sample Document Cases have been sent to you separately so that you may convince yourself of the good quality of our products. We take it that you will like our articles, and look forward to your orders.
Yours faithfully,
Enclosure
Cotton Drill
We refer to your letter of 3rd May from which we take that you are interested in an offer for Cotton Drill up to the attached sample.
To our regret we have to inform you that the production of our mills is fully booked up9 to the end of this year.
We can deliver Poplin, however, in the forth quarter of the year..., and should welcome your order.