Рефераты по иностранным языкам

Political discourse and transalation

23 Ноября 2013, дипломная работа

Political speech, as a subset of late Modern English, is an interesting entity. Many of its linguistic features attempt to mimic those of conversational, scholarly or formal English, but the defining differences ultimately stem from the fact that it is all carefully crafted to persuade or even manipulate its intended audience.

Political situation in Europe in the first half of the XVII century

05 Декабря 2013, курсовая работа

The Peace of Westphalia put down the Counter Reformation in Germany and instituted the final religious arrangement the German states had been crying for. It renewed the terms of the Peace of Augsburg, namely that each state of the Empire received the liberty to be either Lutheran or Catholic as it chose; no individual freedom of religion was permitted. If a ruler or a free city decided for Lutheranism, then all persons had to be Lutheran. Similarly in Catholic states all had to be Catholic. In addition to re-instituting the Peace of Augsburg in its traditional form, the Peace of Westphalia included Calvinism to Lutheranism and Catholicism as an acceptable faith. On the controversial issue of church territories secularized after 1552 the Protestants won a complete victory. With the advent of the Peace of Westphalia, the squabbling between Protestants and Catholics was finally put an end to.

Political system of Russia

08 Декабря 2012, сочинение

The Russian Federation is a Presidential (or a constitutional) republic. The President is the head of the state and is elected directly by the people. In fact he has much power, he controls all the three branches of power. The President can even dissolve the Duma if he doesn't agree with his suggestions three times running. The President has his administration, but it's not part of the Federal Government. The President is involved in the work of the legislative and executive branches.

Political system of Russia

21 Ноября 2013, реферат

Russia is a democratic federative law-governed state with a republican form of government. The Russian Federation consists of 83 constituent entities such as republics, oblasts, krays and other. Each part of the country has the right to pass laws but they cannot contradict federal laws. In case of a conflict between federal and local authorities the President has the right to suspend any local law until the dispute is resolved by a court.

Political system of the United States

04 Ноября 2013, реферат

The government of the United States of America is the federal government of the constitutional republic of fifty states that constitute the United States, as well as one capital district, and several other territories. The federal government is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U.S. Constitution in the Congress, the President, and the federal courts, including the Supreme Court, respectively. The powers and duties of these branches are further defined by acts of Congress, including the creation of executive departments and courts inferior to the Supreme Court.

Population, climate and geographical position of United Kingdom

01 Марта 2015, реферат

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands.

Post-graduate education in great britian

23 Декабря 2010, сочинение

The undergraduate course of studies at English universities is completed when students are ready to take their degree examinations. After graduating they obtain the first academic degree (or distinction) of a Bachelor of Arts, depending on satisfactory examination results. Bachelor's degrees are at two levels: Honours and Pass. Honours degrees are first, second or third class, and usually only about 5 per cent of the students are placed in the first class. Those who have a bent for research work can apply for an advanced course of study extending over not less than two academic years for full-time post-graduates and not less than three academic years for part- time graduate students.

Postmodernism in English literature

06 Февраля 2014, реферат

The last decades of the 20th century saw an upsurge of literary production in England. However, literature seemed to take little interest in actualities. All critics noted the absence of "straight" novels, that is, works with a traditionally solid, coheren narrative. There were very few long prose works about the condition of England or the class system, or other themes so characteristic of the 19lh century and pre-WW II novels focusing on the life of an individual or a family. Instead of writing about here and now, more and more writers set their novels either in the past or in the future

Pozytywne i negatywne skutki gospodarcze członkostwa Ukrainy w Unii Europejskiej

15 Мая 2013, реферат

Cechą współczesnego świata jest wspieranie rozwoju procesów integracyjnych. Ukraina – kraj, który ma bardzo bliski związek i współpracuje z krajami Unii Europejskiej. W 2011 roku wielkość bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych (BIZ) w Ukrainie z krajów UE wyniosła 4 miliardy USD. Znaczna ilość inwestycji bezpośrednich z UE koncentruje się na przedsiębiorstwach przemysłowych - 33,4%, w instytucjach finansowych - 33,1% od ogólnej sumy inwestycji wUkrainie.

Practice of pharmacy in Russia

24 Марта 2013, контрольная работа

Pharmacy is the science of medicine dealing with the production, treatment, storage, analysis, preparation and delivery of medicinal drugs. The organization and economy of pharmaceutical practice takes an important place among the pharmaceutical branches of Russia science. The course of pharmaceutical practice in our country comprises the following sections: history of pharmacy and development of pharmacognosy; organization of pharmaceutical work and inspection of pharmacies, financial and economic activities of self – supporting pharmacies, etc.

Pravidla pro vedení rozumu

09 Марта 2013, реферат

Tato práce je referátem knihy René Descarta „Pravidla pro vedení rozumu“1.Dílo se skládá z kompletních osmnácti "pravidel", ještě tři označeny pouze záhlavím. Už z názvu traktátu vyplývá, že dílo významného filosofa má několik účelu. Za prvé, je určen pro zlepšení procesu „vedení rozumu“, aby ten, kdo vlastní nějakou mysl, byl schopen otevřít, "vynalézt", aby zjistil, jak cestou zlepšení rozumu, může odhálit pravdu. Ale zároveň, toto dílo ukazuje, že jsou pravidla metodická. Pravda není dána předem, musíme ji najít. Prostředkem k nalezení pravdy je metoda, kterou může využít každý. Pro úspěšné řešení problému musíme oddělit toho, kdo poznává, od nezávislého na nas objektivního světa samotných věcí, které můžeme poznat.

Presentation structure

27 Ноября 2012, методичка

Presentations need to be very straightforward and logical. It is important that you avoid complex structures and focus on the need to explain and discuss your work clearly. Think about how you will organize your content. Your presentation should have a clear, coherent structure and cover the points you wish to make in a logical order. An ideal structure for a presentation includes:
a welcoming and informative introduction;
a coherent series of main points presented in a logical sequence;

Prime Minister of United Kingdom

09 Апреля 2012, доклад

A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system.

As the "Head of Her Majesty's Government" the modern Prime Minister

selects those politicians he will work most closely with – the Cabinet

is the leader of his party in the House of Commons, where he guides the law-making process

Princess Diana

21 Февраля 2013, статья

It was officially announced on February 24, 1981 that Lady Diana would marry The Prince of Wales. Their families had known each other for years and The Prince and Lady Diana had met again when he was invited to a weekend at Anthrop.
They were married m St Paul's Cathedral on July 29, 1981. The ceremony drew a worldwide audience of over 1,000 million people.

Problem statement

15 Мая 2013, реферат

With development of the modern informative systems and network technologies, specialists get the new possibilities, related to the search, treatment, storage and information transfer. Large volume of transferrable, subzero speed the transmissions and risks, related to the imperfect methods of paper circulation of documents, undesirable expenses - these and many other factors bring participants over of market to the necessity more actively to use modern information technologies. Application of computer treatment of information and of informatively-communication systems for communication of data allows to get the considerable winning in exactness, speed, reliability and efficiency of circulation of documents and, in final analysis, winning in efficiency of marketing activity.

Problems of oral translation

13 Декабря 2013, курсовая работа

When you stop and think about it, everything in life is translation. We translate our feelings into actions. When we put anything into words, we translate our thoughts. Every physical action is a translation from one state to another. Translating from one language into another is only the most obvious form of an activity which is perhaps the most common of all human activities. This maybe the reason people usually take translation for granted, as something that does not require any special effort, and at the same time, why translation is so challenging and full of possibilities. There is nothing easy or simple about translation, even as there is nothing easy or simple about any human activity. It only looks easy because you are used to doing it.

Procedures and contract initiation

07 Июня 2013, доклад

1. Preamble
2. Buyer’s enquiry, so-called "Letter of Intent" (LOI)
3. Bank Comfort/Confirmation/Edorsement Letter (BCL or BEL)
4. Proforma Offer/Invoice (Full Corporate Offer - FCO)
5. Summary and Comments

Products of meat processing

04 Октября 2013, творческая работа

Under the meat industry in the sense understood carcass or part thereof, resulting in the slaughter of farm animals and birds and is the collection of different tissues in their natural proportions. In addition to muscle tissue, which is a necessary feature of the meat, it is composed of different quantities can include connective, adipose, cartilage, bone, blood. The quantitative ratio of tissue in the meat depends on the type, age, breed, sex, nutritional status and feeding conditions of animals, the anatomical origin of the carcass. In industrial practice, the ratio of the natural tissue in meat directional change by freeing it from the low value of tissues: cartilage, connective tissue, bone. The quantitative ratio of tissue in meat determines its quality: chemical composition, nutritional value and properties of meat.

Project - Icons of Russia

31 Января 2013, творческая работа

In our country there are many attractions. Many icons in Russia. I choose the best items of Russia. This is Lake Baikal, the city of Peterhof, the Moscow Kremlin, the Caspian Sea, Mount Elbrus, Kamchatka Peninsula and our nature.

Project work

31 Марта 2013, доклад

Ashley Power’s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, “If I had my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”

Promotion Technologies of Innovative Product

06 Мая 2013, реферат

Innovation, or the introducing of new and more effective ways of doing things, is critical to the success of new products. As the competition inherent in a global marketplace increases, product (and service) innovation is the driving force for maintaining company viability and better satisfying customer needs. Really new or discontinuous new products play an important role in building competitive advantage and can contribute significantly to a firm’s growth and profitability. However, while innovation plays a crucial role in the success (or continued success) of most companies, it does not come easily. As Wheelwright & Clark (1992, pp. 28– 29) point out: ‘Perhaps no activity in business is more heralded for its promise and approached with more justified optimism than new-product and new-process development.

Proposal

30 Мая 2013, творческая работа

Our college has received a critical external report on sport provisions and you have to admit, that our administration works insufficiently and even disregards our students’ needs, their health and well-being. You have freezed the development of the youth sport preferring to rent out college’s hall to the general public. As a result of your policy, number of wins by college teams last year decreased dramatically, especially in the tennis and football tournaments. Students couldn’t train in the gyms, because they had been already booked by aerobics amateurs.

Providing Public Goods

18 Января 2014, контрольная работа

After governments have established basic order, they can pursue other ends. Using their coercive powers, they can tax citizens to raise funds to spend on public goods, benefits and services that are available to everyone—such as education, sanitation, and parks. Public goods benefit all citizens but are not likely to be produced by the voluntary acts of individuals. The government of ancient Rome, for example, built aqueducts to carry fresh water from the mountains to the city. Road building was another public good provided by the Roman government—which also used the roads to move its legions and to protect the established order.

Public Management

19 Февраля 2013, творческая работа

В данной работе автор отвечает на следующие вопросы:
1. What is the relationship between the ‘administration’ and ‘management’?
2. What is the public management today?

Quantum chemistry

22 Февраля 2015, реферат

Quantum chemistry is a branch of chemistry whose primary focus is the application of quantum mechanics in physical models and experiments of chemical systems. It involves heavy interplay of experimental and theoretical methods.
Experimental quantum chemists rely heavily on spectroscopy, through which information regarding the quantization of energy on a molecular scale can be obtained. Common methods are infra-red (IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Rating of leading tour operators in Russia

01 Октября 2012, доклад

Successful journey depends on the proper choice of tour operator. Reliable companies offer the most interesting tours and destinations, quality service and good hotels, with minimal risk that the trip goes wrong, or bring a lot of disappointments.

Real Estate Appraiser

28 Сентября 2013, реферат

An appraiser (from Latin appretiare, to value), is one who sets a value upon property, real or personal. In England the business of an appraiser is usually combined with that of anauctioneer, while the word itself has a similar meaning to that of "valuer."
In the United States, the most common usage relates to real estate appraisals, while the term is often used to describe a person specially appointed by a judicial or quasi-judicialauthority to put a valuation on property, e.g. on the items of an inventory of the estate (law) of a deceased person or on land taken for public purposes by the right of eminent domain.

Relationship Between Parents And Children In The Play Of William Shakespeare ‘King Lear’

25 Февраля 2013, научная работа

Theme of my research work is actual and might be interesting for public wide range. I know that thousands of young people don’t get on with their parents well. I think all people faced this problem when they were young and then, when they had their own children. As for me, I get on with my parents all right. Every day I can talk with my mother and father about everything, because they understand me and help me at any time.
I have some friends, whose parents treat them unfairly as small children, but my mum and dad treat me as the adult, as the equal. I consider, that such relationships as in my family is rare at this time, that`s why this topic is important nowadays.

Religion of Great Britain

09 Июля 2013, реферат

Barely 16 per cent of the adult population of Britain belongs to one of the Christian churches, and this proportion continues to decline. Yet the regional variation is revealing. In England only 12 per cent of the adult population are members of a church. The further one travels from London, however, the greater the attendance: in Wales 22 per cent, in Scotland 36 per cent and in Northern Ireland no fewer than 75 per cent.

Religion: Its Past and Present; Its Role in British Society

13 Марта 2014, курсовая работа

We know that one of the most significant differences between man and other living beings is the moral and the socio-moral aspect of man’s existence. Man is not merely a physical being. On the contrary, man has a strong moral aspect to his existence. This moral and socio-moral aspect of man’s existence is the foundation on which the legal and social structures that we see in all the societies have evolved overtime. It is in fact the acceptance, appreciation and realization of mutual rights and responsibilities, which has resulted in the strong bonds of family, friendship, tribe and society. So it’s religion that supports social norms, provides social integration, social control, legitimating of social values, social solidarity, social conformity, interpretation of important life cycles in society and life events, informs legal systems.