The radzivills

Remarkable sites in the architectural relation of the city were kept also from the 20^th years of our century. Country houses and grounds are included in the complex of buildings which are constructed in traditions of national architecture. But also we can see here a lot of stone buildings.wifh elements of the modernist style. A wooden tent above the well — high roof topped with a figured spike stands on four columns and draws the attention of people. This small in its size construction differs in beautjful smooth contours, reasonableness of the design. There is a communal grave in the square in the city centre. The monument is created under the projects of the well-known Belarusian sculptor, the national artist of Belarus S.I. Selikhanov:—one of the authorsof the memorial "Khatyn".

The most green and cozy area of Braslav is its western suburb. Holidays and fairs are carried out here. An annual festival of amateur national creativity "Braslav's lightnings" is known and Very popular far outside the territory of Braslav.

 

15. Answer the following questions:                                                        

1. When did the city of Braslav begin to refer to Braslav Lithuanian? 2. Does  

this small town have a very ancient and full of events history? 3. Where is a historical museum of Braslav situated? 4. What is this building famous for? 5. What does the complex of manuscripts which is placed here tell us about? 6. Is it possible to see a model of an ancient fortress there? 7. What kinds of articles are represented in the museum? 8. What was Stanislaw Narbut? 9. What did people construct after his death? 10. What is standing near the Zamkovaja Mountain? H. Which styles are used in building of these two churches? 12. What kind of buildings can we see   in Braslav among the ancient ones? 13. What is carried out in Braslav every year? 14. How does the well look like? 15. Which parts of the old church are used in the construction of the Catholic Church now? 16. Under whose projects is the communal grave created? 17. What function did the lantern at the top of the obelisk   carry? 18. What can you tell about the Braslav's doctor?

 

16. Agree or disagree with the following statements:

1. In the beginning of 10* century the city of Braslav one of the second j in the Polotsk ground was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and began to ] refer to Braslav Lithuanian. 2. To get acquainted with the history of Braslav's territory and the city itself is possible in an architectural museum. 3. The complex of manuscripts which is placed here tells us about life, culture, occupation, language of Braslav's population. 4. Among them — the hero of the war of 1812 MA. Kutuzov, famous Belarusian and Lithuanian painter P.A. Sergeev, doctor S.T Narbut. 5. According to some notes and historical data, the lantern worked as 5 a beacon some years ago, helping to find the way in a fog to fishermen on the Lake i Drivjaty. 6. The Catholic Church is built of simple big stones and red bricks, and it has features of the pseudo-Russian style. 7. The stone Christian Church is a monument of the pseudo-Gothic architectural style: 8. But also we can see here a lot of stone buildings with the elements of the modernist style. 9. A wooden tent above the well — high roof topped with a simple spike stands on seven columns and draws the attention of people. 10. The monument is created under the projects of me well-known Belarusian sculptor, the national artist of Belarus S.I. Seli-khanov—one of the authors of the memorial "Khatyn". 11. A festival of amateur national creativity "Braslav's lightnings" is known and very popular far outside the territory of Braslav and it is carried out twice a year.

 

17. Put in the right prepositions where necessary:

l. This small in its size construction differs.... beautiful smooth contours,; reasonableness of the design. 2. Country houses and grounds are included ... complex of buildings which are constructed in traditions of national; architecture. 3. The greatest art value is represented ... its interior wi|h icons of 17^th—18 ^th centuries. 4. It was carried ... as follows: intervals between the big boulders were covered ... a special solution and lay with small stones in various patterns. 5. Articles made ... flax, samples of weaving; carver's work on a tree, pictures and things made ... straw, potters work get acquainted us... traditions and customs of national creativity of Braslav's region. 6. This small town has a very ancient and full ...events history, it is known not only ... it's huge quantity of picturesque lakes and magnificence of views and places, but Braslav is also rich ... its architectural beauty.

 

18. Choose a word from the box to put into each gap:

1. In the beginning of 14 ^th century the city of Braslav one of the first in the

Polotsk ground was part of the............and began.....  ... Braslav Lithuanian. 2. It was......as follows: intervals between the big ... were covered with a special solution and lay with small stones in various .... 3. Old parts of northern and east

walls which have stayed from more old church on which the.........was kept are

used in construction of the Catholic Church now. 4. This building is rather attractive; it is ancient with a lot of decorations such as ..., different kinds of... and so on.

 

Carving, boulders, to refer to, carried out, figured stone laying, ornament, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, patterns

 

19. Fill in the table:

the 14th century
1812
the 17-18* centuries
second half of thfr 19 th century
the 20-s years

 

20. Work in groups. Find out from your partners:

— what they know about the history of Braslav;

— what kinds of articles can be found in Braslav's museum;

— what they know about Stanislaw Narbut;

— how many architectural monuments and buildings they know in Braslav;

— where different holidays and fairs take place.

 

21. Comment on:

— architecture ofBraslav represents different styles;

— Braslav is not a big town but it has a varied history.

 

22. Prove that:

— people in Braslav are talented and hardworking;

— Braslav is a very beautiful and picturesque small town.

 

23. Imagine that:                 

— You are to prepare a report on the peculiarities of Braslav's territory; you go to the library and ask the librarian to help you to find some information about places and buildings you are interested in. Role-play a dialogue with your partner.

— You have a friend in Great Britain. He knows nothing about the history of your native country and he reads about Braslav in one of the books. He likes this small town and he wants to learn some more information about it. What are you going to tell him?                                                                              

— Your friend gathers different information about Braslav. You want you to help him. Share the information you know.                                                  

 

 

24. Comprehension check. Choose the best alternative according to the text:

1. The city of Braslav one of the first in the Polotsk ground was part of             

a) the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in the beginning of 10 ^th century;                                                                                               

b) Livonia in the beginning of 12^th century;                                                

c) the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and began to refer to Braslav Lithuanian  in the beginning of 14 ^th century.                                                                        

 

2. Some centuries Braslav was the property of                                              

a) grand dukes;                                                                                        

b) Prince Charles;                                                                                    

c) simple people.                                                                                   

 

3.  It is possible to see a model of a fortress here — that stood on...... during the old times.

a) the Big Mountain;

b) the Zamkovaja Mountain;

c) the Braslav Mountain.                                                                          

 

4.  Obelisk with a lantern at the top is situated on the crest of the rampart of

a) the Big Mountain, it is a monument in honor of S.I.Selikhanov;

b) the Zamkovaja Mountain, it is a monument in honor of Stanislaw Narbut;

c) the Braslav Mountain, it is a monument in honor of Р.A. Sergievich.

 

5. Two monuments of cultural architecture of the second half of

a) the 20 ^th century are standing near the Zamkovaja Mountain — these are Drama Theatre and the museum;

b) the 18 ^th century are standing near the Zamkovaja Mountain — these are the wooden tent and the well;

c)the 19 ^th century are standing near the Zamkovaja Mountain — these are the Catholic Church and the Christian Church.

 

6.  There is a communal grave in the square in the town centre; the monument is created under the projects of the well-known Belarusian sculptor — the national artist of Belarus S. I, Selikhanov — one of the authors of......

a) the memorial "Khatyn";

b) the memorial of the Victory in Minsk;

c) the memorial "Thirst".

 

7.  Annual festival of amateur national creativity "......" .is known and very popular far outside the territory of Braslav

a) "Braslav's stars";

b) "Braslav's lightnings";

c) "Belarusian lightnings".                                            

 

8. A wooden tent above the well —

a) metal construction, stands on two columns;

b) high roof topped with an kon spike, stands on three columns;

c) high roof topped with a figured spike, stands on four columns.

 

9. According to some notes and historical data the lantern worked as

a) an orienteer somcyears ago, helping to find the way in a storm on the Lake Naroch;

b) a beacon some years ago, helping to find the way in a fog to fishermen on the Lake Drivjaty;   

c) a signal some years ago, helping to orientate in a fog tp fishermen on the" Black Lake.

 

10. Country houses and grounds are included.in the complex of buildings which are constructed in traditions of

a) sculptural design;

b) national architecture;

c) national creativity.

 

11.  To get'acquainted with the history of Braslav's territory and the town itself is possible in the historical museum which is situated

a) near the communal grave in the centre of the town;

b) next to the Catholic Church in the private residence;

c) in the private residence.

 

12. Articles made of flax, samples of weaving; carver's work on a tree, pictures dndthingsmadeof straw, potters'work make us acquainted with

a) the history of Braslav's lakes, history of its region and peculiarities of Braslav's architecture;

b) the traditions and the customs of national creativity of Braslav's region;

c) the history of Braslav's development, famous people of Braslav and its beautiful lakes.

 

13. Country houses and grounds are included in the complex of buildings which are

a) constructed in traditions of national architecture;

b) built according to the traditions of the old architectural technologies;

c) built in the Pseudo-Russian and the Pseudo-Gothic style.

 

UNITXXII

GRODNO: A CITY FULL OF HISTORY

 

1. Pay attention to the following words. Pick out sentences with these words from the text and read them:

majolica — майолика, изделия из цветной обожженной глины с крупнопористым черепком; покрытые глазурью; им свойственны массивность форм, плавная текучесть силуэта, яркий блеск, контрастные сочетания цветов;

the Lublin Union — Люблинская уния; соглашение от 28 июня 1569 г. об объединении Польши и Великого княжества Литовского в одно государство — Речь Посполйтую;                                                       

the Ipaiievskaya chronicle — Ипатьевская летопись, один из древнейших русских летописных сводов и важнейших документальных источников по истории Древней Руси; летопись получила свое названия по месту нахождения

 

2. Practise saying the following proper names:

Kolozhskaya Church	[ka'hrjskaja "tf3:tf]	Коложская церковь
the Bernardine Cathedral	[дэ " Ьзгпэёш кзч 0i:dral]	Бернардинский костел
baroque	[ЬэчгЬк]	барочный
Stefan Batoria	[" Stefan-ЬаЧэ:пэ]	Стефан Баторий
Elisa Ozhechko	[Vlaiza о^зеГкэ]	Элоиза Ожешко
Anthony Tyzhengauz	[4sentani tizerCgavz]	Антоний Тизентауз

 

3. Read these international words and try to guess their meaning:

Architectural, style, construction, original, niche, metallic, special, grant nationality, confession, ethic

 

4. Read, the following wordsand try to memorize them:

 

devastate	[pdevssteit]	опустошать
lantern	['laentsn]	фонарь
hover	[hovd(r)]	парить
plate	[pleit]	покрывать
chime	[t/aim]	звонить
precipitous	[pn4sipitas]	крутой
intact	[m'taekt]	нетронутый
manually	[masnjuah]	вручную
foster	pfosta(r)]	способствовать
abdicate	["aebdikeit]	отрекаться (от трона)
strew	[stru:]	стелить, выстилать
carriage	[4kaend3]	экипаж

                      

 5.  Read these phrasal verbs and expressions several times till you remember them:

to leave out                   — оставить, пропустить

to wind up                    — заводить (часы)

to belong to                  — принадлежать

to be named after         — быть названным в честь

to settle down               — осесть, остановиться

to be in service              — действовать, работать

 

6. Match the English words with their Russian equivalents:

 

1. admiration 2. to sparkle 3. rainbow 4. a temple   5. a blacksmith 6. a revolt 7. straw     8. luxury 9. legacy   10. royal

а. наследие b. кузнец с. королевский d. восхищение е. восстание f. роскошь g. радуга h. сверкать i. солома                        j. храм

 

7. Combine the words with the help of the preposition оf:

1. a witness  2. a bank   3. a masterpiece  4. the attacks 5. the capital 6. the political status  7. the noise 8. the street 9. the representatives 10. the Seym

a. Luxury b. the city с nationalities d. German knights e. the events f. Neman g. the 17 th century h. the Grand Duchy of Lithuania i. Rzecz Pospolita j. the carts

 

8. Give the comparative and superlative of the following adjectives:             

Wet, long, old, tight.                                                                                 

 

9. Give the three forms of the following verbs:                                             

To stay, to destroy, to wind, to take, to build, to strew, to finish, to hold, to  approve, to become.                                                               

 

10. Give the plural of:                                                                                 

Witness, potter, hoof, proof, analogue.    

                                                   

11. Write the derivatives of the following words:                                          

Belarus, to admire, to inhabit, to impress, to construct, to conquer, successful, an industry to vary.                                                                                          

 

12. These words can be used both as verbs and nouns. Make up your own sentences to show the difference in their usage: