Феномен бренда

Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 22 Мая 2013 в 23:08, курсовая работа

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Актуальность темы этого исследования обусловлена ускоряющейся активностью деятельности по созданию и продвижению бренда в различных сферах социальной жизни. Создание и развитие бренда являются, безусловно, основной задачей компаний экономического сектора, и представляют собой новое, касательно личности, идей и разных видов социальных общностей. Сейчас это особенно важно, поскольку в период кризисных преобразований экономических систем меняются социальные установки и убеждения индивида, из-за чего видна тенденция исследования бренда как социально-психологического феномена, которое оказывает влияние на сознание и поведение субъекта, и показывающее социальное развитие социума с точки зрения потребительской деятельности.

Содержание работы

ВВЕДЕНИЕ
ГЛАВА 1. БРЕНД
1.1. Понятие бренда
1.2. Сущность бренда. Психологическая характеристика бренда
1.3. Развитие бренда
1.4. Типы рекламы
ГЛАВА 2. ВЛИЯНИЕ ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОГО И РАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ТИПОВ РЕКЛАМЫ НА ОТНОШЕНИЕ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЯ К БРЕНДУ
ГЛАВА 3. ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ЧАСТЬ
3.1. План эмпирического исследования
ВЫВОДЫ
ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ

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ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1

 

Методика семантический дифференциал

 

1)                красиво 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 некрасиво  
 
2)                ярко 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 тускло 
 
3)                реалистично 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 нереально 
 
4)                понятно 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 непонятно 
 
5)                интересно 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 неинтересно 
 
6)                актуально 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 неактуально 
 
7)                эмоционально 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 неэмоционально 
 
8)                профессионально 3  2   1  0  -1   -2   -3 непрофессионально 
 
9)                активно 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 пассивно 
 
10)            положительно 3      2       1      0       -1      -2      -3 отрицательно

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 2

 

Московский Государственный  Лингвистический Институт

Анкета эксперта

 

Уважаемый участник опроса!

 

Вашему вниманию предлагается ряд вопросов с просьбой ответить на них. Чтобы заполнить анкету следует внимательно прочитать вопросы и варианты ответов к ним. Далее просим Вас выбрать тот ответ, который Вам наиболее ближе и выделить его. Если же в списке ответов нет такого ответа, то допишите свой вариант.

Анкета является анонимной. Полученные сведения будут использованы с научной целью в обобщенном виде после специальной обработки.

 

Заранее благодарим Вас  за участие!

 

1)Есть ли у вас мобильный телефон?

□ Да

□ Нет

□ Был, но сейчас нет

2)Какой фирмы Ваш телефон (если ответ «HTC» переходите к следующему вопросу)

□ Samsung

□ HTC

□ Apple

□ Nokia

Ваш вариант ответа___________________________________

 

3)Какой марки Ваш телефон HTC?___________________________

4)Почему Вы выбрали именно этот бренд?

    □ посоветовали  друзья

    □ повлияла  реклама

    □ читал  или слышал много положительных  отзывов

    □ свой вариант___________________________________________

5) Ваше мнение о  бренде HTC

   □ хороший бренд

   □ непонятный  бренд

  □ обычный

   □ затрудняюсь  ответить

    6) Испытывали  ли вы трудности во время  пользования телефоном HTC?

□ да

□ нет

□ испытывал, но незначительные

    7)   Как  Вы оцениваете качество продукции HTC ?

□ удовлетворительно

□  хорошо

□ отлично

    8)  Как Вы считаете, что нужно изменять и развивать в телефонах HTC?

□ дизайн

□ функции

□ качество связи

□ свой вариант___________________________________________

    9) Как, по-вашему, качество телефонов соответствует  их цене?

□ соответствует 

□ не соответствует

   10). Пользуются ли Ваши друзья, родные телефонами HTC?

□ да

□ нет

    12) Из каких  источников Вы получаете информацию  о мобильных телефонах чаще? (расставьте  по частоте обращения)

1 - телевидение 

2 - радио 

3 - пресса 

4 - щиты по городу 

5 - интернет

 6 - от знакомых

  13) Видели (слышали)  ли Вы рекламу мобильных телефонов HTC?

□ да

□ нет 

  14) Вам нравится  реклама бренда HTC?

□  нет, не очень

□  интересная реклама

□  затрудняюсь ответить

15) Какой рекламный  ролик, из показанных, Вам понравился  больше?

 

□ 1

□ 2

□ понравились оба

 

  16)  Ваш пол ______________________________

 

  17)  Ваш возраст___________________________

 

  18) Чем Вы занимаетесь?

1 – учусь в школе

2 – студент

3 – работаю

4 – безработный

5 – пенсионер

6 – свой вариант_______________________________

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3

 

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A BRAND AND A TRADE MARK (TRADEMARK)? Posted on March 4, 2011, by ip21

 

The terms “brand”  and “trade mark” (or trademark) tend, in common parlance, to be used interchangeably. To confuse these concepts with each other is to overlook the essential nature and purpose of each. While one is a protective legal device, the other is a far broader, commercial construct.

This post will help to distinguish between the two.

Trademarks 
A trade mark is a legal device intended to distinguish the goods or services of one business from (similar or identical) goods or services of another.

As such, trade marks function to protect businesses from unauthorised imitation (whether intentional or not), at a marketing level, by third parties. Trade marks are usually visual signifiers and identifiers (either in word or logo format) of an overarching brand, but can also be sound-based (think:  HYPERLINK "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XVEflECtfBM" \o "MGM Lion" \t "_blank" MGM lion’s roar or the original  HYPERLINK "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yq0EmbY3XyI" \o "Nokia ringtone" \t "_blank" Nokia ringtone), or, at least in theory, constituted by a smell (but  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralf_Sieckmann_v_Deutsches_Patent_und_Markenamt" \o "Siekmann case" \t "_blank" good luck convincing trade mark examiners or a court of this).

Trade marks, then, are a constituent part of a brand, but hardly the whole story. In essence, they afford the owner a negative right, protecting against possible unwanted behaviour by business rivals.

Brands 
The word brand has its origins in either Norse or Anglo-Saxon, and meant (as it still means today, assuming you deal with livestock) to burn.

Advertising mastermind David Ogilvy appropriated the word in the 1950′s (for use in marketing), and with its underlying connotations of burning, his choice of word remains evocatively apt, since what is branding if not a business’s attempt to sear (ideally, for eternity) its marketing message into the minds of existing and potential customers?

A brand is not a single, homogenous entity. Rather, it is a set of (sometimes diffuse) promises made by a business to its target clientele. A brand may imply something bespoke, of high quality, or indeed, high volume at low price. It may include a promise to send you an email or voucher on your birthday, or for staff to deal with you in a certain way within a retail setting. The promises a brand can make are limited only by imagination.

Regardless of the content of these promises, it is through their continued fulfilment that a brand attracts, and more importantly, retains custom. One consumer’s loyalty over a lifetime is worth more than hundreds of once-off customers.

How does branding impact IP Value? 
From  a valuation perspective, it is the how of branding that is of interest. An IP valuation will examine what intangible assets are in place that enable a business to deliver on its brand promises, whatever they may be. For instance, why does Brand A beat Brand B, when they are of similar size and sell an identical product? Does Brand A have systems or algorithms in place that enable it to best its competitor? Is its staff training methodology better? Do its database and data mining systems facilitate knowing its customers better?

These and other questions will be addressed in upcoming posts on this blog.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4

Derrick Daye. Discovering your brand essence.-2012

A process called "laddering" is often used to uncover the essence of a brand. Laddering is based on the notion that brand meaning can be deepened by examining progressively more abstract implications of a brand's features. The bottom rung of the ladder represents the starting point, which is usually an attribute. The implication of this attribute is a functional benefit, which is the second rung on the ladder. And the implication of a functional benefit is an emotional benefit, which is the third rung on the ladder. Finally, the emotional benefit implies the brand's essence. As the ladder is ascended, the focus is less on the attributes of the brand and more on the role that the brand plays in consumers' lives.

To illustrate the laddering process, consider how the weight-loss brand Jenny Craig might use laddering to market its weight-control meals. Jenny Craig delivers low-calorie meals that provide the needed balance of protein, fat, and carbohydrates. The implication of these attributes is that they will facilitate healthy weight loss. Losing weight will enhance physical appearance and thus self-esteem, as reflected in greater satisfaction with life. Thus, Jenny Craig's essence is enhancing the enjoyment of life, which is the consumer's goal in using the brand.

Brand essence can also be developed by associating a brand with brands in other categories that share a common goal. In a McDonald's ad depicting a blind date, a young man named Larry calls on his date. He immediately attempts to manage her expectations by clarifying who he is and who he is not. He points out that he is not a doctor, lawyer, banker, or CPA. He is a store clerk. He tells his date that they will not be dining at a bistro, casa, or maison, nor will they be attending the opera, the symphony, or the ballet. Instead he proposes that they drive in his ordinary car to McDonald's and then go to a movie. The factors common to Larry's job, car, and choice of restaurant and entertainment imply McDonald's brand's essence, an unpretentious place to get a good meal.

The association of a brand with products in disparate categories often results in the anthropomorphizing of the brand. Thus, brands might be viewed as having a gender, age, social class, as well as personality characteristics. Apple is approachable, Burger King is masculine, and Old Navy is family-oriented. Cartier watches are upscale and Timex is for everybody. Thus, in developing a brand's position, it is important to recognize that the benefits selected reflect the brand's personality, which is as much a part of the brand as its category membership and point of difference. Indeed, when Levi's positioned its brand to attract upscale consumers, it dropped its line of coveralls, which implied that it was a blue-collar brand.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 5

 

John D Bloise. Successful brand development

.-2012

 

Being heard amid the roar of your competitor’s voices is a daunting task in today’s crowded marketplace. We find this to be shockingly true each time we read a magazine, watch the television, or surf the web. As a result, businesses are now seeking new and more effective ways of increasing brand awareness and more importantly, create brand loyalty. One of the most important tasks involved in ensuring a brand’s success, is to develop an effective branding strategy.  
 
 To successfully position your brand above your competitor’s continuing fight for your customers, you must develop a brand proposition that when conveyed in marketing and advertising campaigns, will provide an attractive, unique, and relevant message to current and potential customers. In addition, this proposition must be realized and consistently echoed by senior executives, customer support, R&D teams, marketing staff, sales staff, and strategic partners.

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of an effective brand development process and is not meant to be comprehensive or represent strategic brand development in its entirety.

Why is Successful Branding So Important Today?

Though brand development is by no means a new idea, today consumers have more access to information and more choices than ever before. The result is higher expectations, and the brand’s message must captivate the consumer immediately. Companies seeking to experience long-term success will have to create the most compelling, relevant, and consistent brand experiences for their customers.

Remember: “You can’t escape your brand. Either you make the customer experience, or it gets made without you.”  Prophet Corp.

In order to successfully develop the most effective branding strategy, a firm understanding of what a brand is must first be answered.

The Brand Is Everything

Scott Bedbury is a leading branding consultant that has worked closely with companies like Nike and Starbucks, has written a book titled, “A Brand New World”, published by Viking Press. In it he gives excellent thorough definition of what a brand is.

“A brand is the sum of the good, the bad, the ugly, and the off-strategy. If is defined by your best product as well as your worst product. It is defined by award-winning advertising as well as by the god-awful ads that have somehow slipped through the cracks, got approved, and, not surprisingly, sank into oblivion. It is defined by the accomplishments of your best employee-the shining star in the company who can do no wrong-as well as the mishaps of the worst hire that you ever made. It is also defined by your receptionist and the music your customers are subjected to when placed on hold. For every grand and finely worded public statement by the CEO, the brand is also defined by derisory consumer comments overheard in the hallway or in a chat room on the Internet. Brands are sponges for content, for images, for fleeting feelings. They become psychological concepts held in the minds of the public, where they may stay forever. As such you can't entirely control a brand. At best; you only guide and influence it.”

The Brand’s Creed

The development of a branding strategy must begin with identifying the brand’s (the business’) core values. These are qualities which an organization deems most important. For instance, an organization or business may identify its core values to include: honesty, integrity, excellent communication, and client satisfaction.

Though these values are usually never revealed to the public, they are evident in every aspect of the organizations’ business routine, from customer service, to direct marketing, to website design, to teleconferences, to the treatment of its employees and strategic partners. This conveys a consistent perception to the target audience in every medium of communication that is used.

Consideration for these values should not be taken lightly for these values represent the “creed” for the business and become the cornerstone for developing the brand’s proposition. And though the brand’s proposition may change from time to time, the brand’s core values should never change.

Great Strategy Begins with Great Research

Once the brand’s core values have been identified, the road towards effective brand proposition development begins. To ensure a successful outcome, comprehensive and objective research involving at the minimum, the brand’s strengths and weaknesses, the target audience, and the competition will be conducted. If the resources are available, research should also involve extensive observation into the brand’s industry, its history, the current market picture, and potential growth and direction.

The Target Audience Holds the Keys to Your Brand’s Success

If I had to choose only one area of research to focus my efforts on, it would be to identify first who the target audience is and second, what their needs and desires are. This information should be as comprehensive and exact as possible. Applicable factors such as; age, gender, income, and shopping habits (online and off) are good places to start. Of course if your target audience is another business, your research will involve different factors.

Truly understanding your target audience, in addition to having a realistic assessment of what your product offers, is invaluable in assisting you in the development of a successful brand proposition. This information will also provide insight into how to convey this message in an engaging, relevant, and consistent manner.

Some questions to consider during this process are: who is your target audience (be specific & use more than one example if applicable), what does the target audience currently need and desire? What does your competitor currently offer? How does your products/services fulfill this need better? What needs or want may be fulfilled by your product or service that isn't currently being offered to them? If your competitor offers a similar product/service, how is yours better? Do your advertising campaigns provide a more engaging, unique, and consistent message than those of your competitors?

Developing a Brand Statement (Brand Proposition)

From the research, development of the brand statement, often referred to as a brand proposition, commences. The brand statement is a promise. It states that if you use our services / products, we promise that this or that will occur, whether it is the satisfaction from wearing well designed clothing, to the comfort of choosing the services of particular financial planner.

The brand proposition must be clearly understood, engaging, presented in the right context for relevancy, and offer a solution to the target audience’s current wants and needs.

“Dude Your Getting a …..”

An example of effective brand propositioning can be found in a well known computer company’s line of television commercials. The commercials successfully convey the brand's statement that goes something like this; if you buy our PC’s, we'll customize the computer to fit all your needs, you'll have access to our award winning customer service, you’ll have less hassle to worry about, and best of all, you'll be cool.

The brand’s promise is easy to understand, engaging, unique, relevant (to the target audience), and consistent.

A Promise Is a Promise

Of course all of these promises are just that, promises. If the company’s products, services, and customer support didn't support these promises, the initial surge of new customers would quickly come to a screeching halt and the brand would fade into obscurity along with the company.

Providing a Brand Proposition that is engaging, is easily understood, and offers an emotionally positive solution to needs and desires only serves to enhance the current customers’ perception of the brand and will get new customers to look your way. Following through with an excellent product/service and customer support will put an indelible mark in the memory of your existing customers; one that will create brand loyalty through good and bad times; a sure sign of a brand’s strength.

Deliver the Unexpected

When developing a brand proposition, never let your brand’s promise be one that is already expected; this is a sure way to NOT stand out from your competitors. Advertising efforts that utilize adjectives like “good”, or “nice” are sure to fail when seeking to be both engaging and unique.

How many times while driving, have you seen restaurant or dry cleaning signs, that announce “good Chinese food”, or “good dry cleaning service”? The answer is probably more times than you can count. These businesses are able to survive because they are often the only game in town. But for businesses and organizations that are competing for a larger market, this type of advertising is sure way toward obscurity.

Remember, you must convey an engaging, unique, relevant, and consistent message to your target audience. Consumers already expect “good service” from you. This isn’t an engaging message nor is it unique. This message doesn’t lead towards a strong positive emotional relationship.

Winning their Hearts and Minds

An important aspect of brand development is to create a positive emotional attachment to the brand which creates a response in its audience without the audience seeing the product or directly experiencing the service. Again from Bedbury’s book; “think Godiva chocolates for a moment: the very name, perhaps even the logo, conjures up an image of sinful indulgence. Yes, it represents chocolate or ice cream, but it is the feeling and the anticipation of that feeling that the brand conveys most compellingly.”

Positive emotional bonding comes from a mutually beneficial relationship built on intrigue, trust, understanding, and support. These are qualities that often separate colleagues from friends, and friends from family. Build your brand promise on the basis that your product will deliver positive, relevant, and unique emotional qualities.

And of course these qualities will be dictated by the current needs and desires of your target audience.

This may be the most difficult and often overlooked aspect of successful brand development. This is also where a lack of comprehensive research into identifying the target audience’s needs and desires can either make or break an attempt at developing a positive emotional attachment between the brand and its audience. If not done effectively, a seemingly insurmountable communication gap will develop between the internal brand perception and the audience’s actual perception.

Your brand proposition should convey a message that is:

  1. Aligned with the brand’s core values 
  2. Clear, Engaging, Unique, and Relevant to your target audience 
  3. Able to incorporate an element of positive emotional attachment that is better than just "good” 
  4. Echoed within your business, internally and externally 
  5. Consistent across multiple marketing and advertising mediums (print, online presence, etc) 
  6. Continually reinforced within the organization so that your employees consistently deliver what is promised 
  7. Echoed by strategic partners 
  8. Able to adapt to a changing marketplace

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 








 



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